Class 5th Science Ch 5

 Class 5^th Science

Ch 4 Nervous System

 

Keywords

1. Nerves: Bundles of fibres that carry information to the brain and the spinal cord.

2. Reflex action: The automatic response of the body to an event

3. Sense organs: Organs that helps us to know about the outside world.

 

Answer the following Questions

Q1. What is a nervous system?

Ans: A system which is consists of nerves and controls the whole body

Q2. Name the three types of nerves.

Ans: Sensory nerves, Motor nerves and Mixed nerves

Q3. What are sensory nerves?
Ans. These are the nerves which carry information from the body to the brain.

Q4. What are motor nerves?

Ans. These are the nerves which are responsible for the motion of the body.

Q5. Name the three parts of the brain.

Ans. Cerebrum, cerebellum and oblongata.

Q6. Which is the largest part of the brain?

Ans. Cerebrum

Q7. Name the part of the brain which controls the body posture.

Ans. Cerebellum

Q7. A part of the brain which is liable for the involuntary actions of the body?

Ans. Oblongata

Q8. Why does food not taste when we have a cold?

Ans. This is because our sense of smell is linked with the sense of taste.

Q9. How do eyelids and eyelashes help the eye?

Ans. Eyelids and eyelashes protect the eyes from foreign particles and sweat.

Q10. What is reflex action? How is it different from other actions?

Ans. Reflex action is the sudden response of the body to an event and it is controlled by the spinal cord but other actions are controlled by the brain.

Q11. How does the brain convey the message to parts?

Ans. The brain conveys the message to the different parts of the brain through electrical impulses. Nerves are present at each and every part of our body and through these nerves, the brain controls the entire body.

Q12. What are sense organs? Give the function of each.

Ans. Sense organs are Skin, Ears, Nose, Eyes and Tongue

Functions:

Skin: Skin does not only protect our body but also able to sense the touch.

Ears: They help us to hear the sound

Nose: They help us to sense the smell

Eyes: They help us to see the objects

Tongue: It helps us to sense different tastes.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ch 5: Food, Health and Hygiene

Keywords

1. Nutrients: Essential substances present in the food

2. Balance diet: A diet which contains all the essential nutrients in the right proportion.

3. Deficiency diseases: Diseases which are caused by the lack of a particular nutrient.

4. Germs: diseases causing microbes

5. Roughage: the fibre present in the food

6. Vaccine: a substance put into the blood that protects the body from disease.

 

Answer the following questions

Q1. What are carbohydrates?

Ans. Substances which provide energy to do work.

Q2. A nutrient which is responsible for the growth of the body and repairs wear and tear of the body.

Ans. Proteins

Q3. Which nutrients are required in less quantity and are responsible for the proper function of the body?

Ans. Vitamins and minerals

Q4. Disease caused by the deficiency of vitamin D.

Ans. Rickets

Q5. Disease caused by the lack of vitamin A

Ans. Night blindness

Q6. Disease caused by the deficiency of vitamin B.

Ans. Beri-Beri

Q7. Disease caused by the deficiency of vitamin C.

Ans: Scurvy

Q8. Name the two communicable diseases caused by

a. bacteria          b. virus               c. protozoa

Ans. a. bacteria: Cholera and tetanus

b. Virus: Measles and Salmonella

c. Protozoa: Malaria and Giardia

Q9. How can you prevent infectious diseases from spreading?

Ans.

Prevent the spread of infectious disease

1.  Immunise against infectious diseases.

2.  Wash and dry your hands regularly and well.

3.  Stay at home if you are sick.

4.  Cover coughs and sneezes.

5.  Clean surfaces regularly.

6.  Ventilate your home.

7.  Prepare food safely.

Q10. Name the different nutrients present in the food. Describe at least one function of each nutrient.

Ans. Nutrients present in our food and their functions:

1. Carbohydrates: Give energy to do work

2. Fats: Give energy and provide insulation to the body

3. Proteins: Responsible for growth and repairs the damaged tissues

4. Vitamins: Help in proper function of the body.

5. Minerals: Makes our teeth and bones stronger

Q11. Distinguish between communicable and non-communicable diseases.

Ans:

Communicable diseases	Non-communicable diseases
1. Spread from one person to another.   2. They are spread through viruses, bacteria and other pathogens. 3. Effects are immediately noticed.	1. Do not spread from one person to another 2. Microbes do not cause these diseases.   3. Effects are not immediately come to notice.

Q12. List five causes of communicable diseases.

Ans. Causes of communicable diseases

1. Contaminated water

2. Insects

3. Lack of cleanliness

4. Puddles of water

5. Carelessness when contact with an infected person